Ethernet
Ethernet is a family of protocols used in LANs,
described by a set of standards together called IEEE 802 published by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers. It has a flat addressing scheme. It
operates mostly at levels 1 and 2 of the OSI model.
For home users today, the most well-known member of this protocol family is IEEE 802.11,
otherwise known as Wireless
LAN (WLAN). The complete IEEE 802 protocol suite provides a diverse set
of networking capabilities. For example, MAC bridging (IEEE 802.1D)
deals with the routing of Ethernet packets using a Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1Q describes VLANs,
and IEEE 802.1Xdefines
a port-based Network Access Control protocol, which forms the basis for
the authentication mechanisms used in VLANs (but it is also found in
WLANs) – it is what the home user sees when the user has to enter a
"wireless access key".
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